Experimental Investigation on Single Cylinder BSIV Diesel Engine Emission Improvement

Abstract

In this study experimentation has been carried out on a single cylinder, direct injection, diesel engine for investigating BS-IV emission improvement, specifically on NOx and smoke emissions parameters. To achieve this, some modifications were done on the engine like changes in high pressure pipe (H.P.P), nozzle tip protrusion (NTP), & static injection timing (SIT). The H.P. pipe internal diameter was reduced by 20% with respect to (w.r.t.) its original. In NTP, the distance between nozzle tip to the internal cylinder head surface was changed, firstly by 45.45% decreased & second 23.80% increased w.r.t the original NTP distance. SIT was changed for four different injection timing (Such as 1°, 2° Advanced & 1°, 2° Retard CA BTDC by original SIT). For all modification, tests were conducted and observed the effect on engine performance and emission parameter. In the H.P.P modification the torque and power was improved, whereas the emission of a smoke value was drastically increased and the NOx emission was not significantly decreased. In NTP modification, didn’t provide much of a positive result compared to the original NTP in terms of smoke value. In SIT modification, obtained better result, when compared to other two modifications previously carried. In SIT modification in terms of injection timing the test result demonstrated that, with advancing timing NOx emission increases due to improved fuel and oxygen reactions. Advancing the injection timing caused the start of combustion an earlier relative to the TDC. Because of the proper cylinder charge compression and relatively higher temperatures, NOx was increased and smoke shows slightly decreasing. Retarding the engine timing by 1° w.r.t. original SIT, NOx was decreased 5.56 %. This also gives perfect balance between parameters like power, torque, smoke and NOx values which are under the standard norms