UNDERGROUND CABLE FAULT DETECTION ROBOTIC SYSTEM

Abstract

Underground electrical cables play a crucial role in modern power distribution systems, especially in urban areas where overhead lines are unsafe or impractical. However, detecting faults in underground cables is a complex and time-consuming process using traditional methods, as it requires extensive digging, leading to traffic congestion, increased repair costs, and significant inconvenience. To address these challenges, this project presents the design and implementation of an intelligent robotic car for accurate underground electrical cable fault detection.
The proposed system operates by moving along the ground surface directly above the buried cable while continuously monitoring current flow using electromagnetic sensing techniques. An LEDLDR optical detection system is employed to detect variations in signal intensity caused by faults in the cable. When a fault occurs and the current flow is interrupted, the robotic car automatically stops at the precise fault location. Relay-controlled motors enable smooth movement and precise control of the robot, while capacitors are used for delay stabilization to eliminate false triggering and ensure reliable fault detection.
This automated approach minimizes the need for manual inspection and unnecessary excavation, significantly reducing fault detection time and maintenance costs. The system is economical, portable, and easy to operate, making it highly suitable for power distribution maintenance, urban infrastructure management, and smart city applications.