DIALECTICS OF NATIONAL IDEA AND SPIRITUALITY OF THE INDIVIDUAL: FUNDAMENTALS OF SELF-AWARENESS

Abstract

This academic article analyses the dialectical interrelationship of the concepts of national idea, national self-awareness and personal spirituality, based on fundamental philosophical and sociological principles. The relevance of the study is defined by the growing risk, in today's era of globalisation, of the unification of national cultures and of the alienation of the individual from their own national identity under the influence of ‘mass culture.’ The article ontologically proves that the national idea is not merely an abstract theory, but a living social system that materialises through human practical activity. The study re-evaluates the views of the early 20th-century Jadidism movement representatives (M. Behbudiy, A. Fitrat, A. Avloniy) on national identity and enlightenment through the prism of modern spiritual transformations. Furthermore, the philosophical essence of the process of “manqurtisation” is revealed, and the importance of the triad (trinity) of “national idea - self-awareness - personal spirituality” in forming spiritual immunity against it is highlighted. The article sheds light on the role of national identity in the elevation of the individual to the status of a person, the gnoseological analysis of the concepts of “the national spirit” and “the national code”, and the issues of the harmony between civic and ethnic identity in multinational states. The article concludes with the conclusion that the realisation of spiritual identity is the fundamental foundation for democratising society and shaping a new mindset.